Network Service Discovery

You can use 2 different protocols to perform network service discoveries to announce local services and search for remote services on a network, DNS-SD (DNS Service Discovery) and SSDP (Simple Service Discovery Protocol).

  • The DNS-SD protocol provides functions for mDNS- and DNS-based service discovery.

    The main features of the DNSSD API include:

  • The SSDP protocol provides functions for simple service discovery.

    The main features of the SSDP API include:

Both protocols allow the application to get details, such as the service names and the service locations on a network.

Prerequisites

To enable your application to use the network service discovery functionality:

  • To use the DNS-SD protocol:

    1. To use the functions and data types of the DNSSD API (in mobile and wearable applications), include the <dns-sd.h> header file in your application:

      #include <dns-sd.h>
      
    2. Initialize DNS-SD using the dnssd_initialize() function:

      int error_code;
      
      error_code = dnssd_initialize();
      if (error_code != DNSSD_ERROR_NONE)
          return;
      

      When no longer needed, release the DNS-SD:

      dnssd_deinitialize();
      
  • To use the SSDP protocol:

    1. To use the functions and data types of the SSDP API (in mobile and wearable applications), include the <ssdp.h> header file in your application:

      #include <ssdp.h>
      
    2. Initialize SSDP using the ssdp_initialize() function:

      int error_code;
      
      error_code = ssdp_initialize();
      if (error_code != SSDP_ERROR_NONE)
          return;
      

      When no longer needed, release the SSDP:

      ssdp_deinitialize();
      

Managing a Local Service with DNSSD

To announce a local service, create a local service handle using the dnssd_create_local_service() function, and set the service information using the handle. Afterwards, you can register the local service using the dnssd_register_local_service() function.

To manage a local service, you must create and register the service:

  1. Create the local service:

    1. To provide a local service on a network, you must create a handle containing information about the service.

      At the beginning, define a dnssd_service_h variable to store the service handle. The target is used to create the handle, which represents a DNS-SD service to be advertised through a network. To set the service type, see http://www.dns-sd.org/ServiceTypes.html.

      dnssd_service_h service_handle;
      char *service_type = "_http._tcp";
      int error_code;
      
      error_code = dnssd_create_local_service(service_type, &service_handle);
      if (error_code == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE)
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Success in creating a service handle.");
      
    2. Set a unique service name and a port number for the created service:

      char* service_name = "SamsungTest";
      int port = 80;
      
      if (dnssd_service_set_name(service_handle, service_name) == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE)
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Success in setting service name");
      if (dnssd_service_set_port(service_handle, port) == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE)
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Success in setting port");
      
    3. You can add a TXT record, which gives additional information about the created service. The TXT record is stored in a structured form using key-value pairs.

      For more information, see section 6 of http://files.dns-sd.org/draft-cheshire-dnsext-dns-sd.txt. The TXT record of the known service types can be found at http://www.dns-sd.org/ServiceTypes.html.

      char* key = "path";
      char* value = "http://www.samsung.com";
      int length = strlen(value);
      
      if (dnssd_service_add_txt_record(service_handle, key, length, value) == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE)
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Success in setting service TXT");
      

      When no longer needed, you can remove the TXT record from the created service:

      char* key = "path";
      
      if (dnssd_service_remove_txt_record(service_handle, key) == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE)
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Success in removing service TXT");
      
  2. Register the local service:

    1. Register the service to announce its availability on a network:

      error_code = dnssd_register_local_service(service_handle, __registered_cb, NULL);
      if (error_code == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE)
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Success in registering a local service.");
      
    2. The callback defined in the dnssd_register_local_service() function is called when the service registration is finished:

      void
      __registered_cb(dnssd_error_e result, dnssd_service_h dnssd_service, void* user_data)
      {
          if (result == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE) {
              /* Service is registered successfully */
              dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Registered");
          } else if (result == DNSSD_ERROR_NAME_CONFLICT) {
              /* Name conflict exists */
              dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Name conflict");
          } else if (result == DNSSD_ERROR_ALREADY_REGISTERED) {
              /* Service is already registered */
              dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Already registered");
          } else {
              /* Result is unknown */
              dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Unknown result");
          }
      }
      
  3. When you no longer want to provide the local service, deregister it with the dnssd_deregister_local_service() function.

    To destroy the local service handle, use the dnssd_destroy_local_service() function.

    dnssd_deregister_local_service(service_handle);
    dnssd_destroy_local_service(service_handle);
    

Browsing Remote Services with DNSSD

To search for available services on a network, use a service type or target information:

  1. To start searching, use the dnssd_start_browsing_service() function.

    The DNS-SD browser handle is stored in a dnssd_browser_h variable. For more information on the service types, see http://www.dns-sd.org/ServiceTypes.html.

    dnssd_browser_h browser_handle;
    char *service_type = "_ftp._tcp";
    int error_code;
    
    error_code = dnssd_start_browsing_service(service_type, &browser_handle, __found_cb, NULL);
    if (error_code == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE)
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Start browsing");
    
  2. The callback defined in the dnssd_start_browsing_service() function is called when the remote service becomes available or unavailable:

    void
    __dnssd_print_found(dnssd_service_h dnssd_remote_service)
    {
        /* Handling the found service */
        char *service_name = NULL;
        char *service_type = NULL;
        char *ip_v4_address = NULL;
        char *ip_v6_address = NULL;
        int port = 0;
        int error_code = dnssd_service_get_name(dnssd_remote_service, &service_name);
        if (error_code == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE && service_name!= NULL)
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Service name [%s]", service_name);
    
        error_code = dnssd_service_get_type(dnssd_remote_service, &service_type);
        if (error_code == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE && service_type != NULL)
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Service type [%s]", service_type);
    
        error_code = dnssd_service_get_ip(dnssd_remote_service, &ip_v4_address, &ip_v6_address);
        if (error_code == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE) {
            if (ip_v4_address)
                dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "IPV4 address [%s]", ip_v4_address);
            if (ip_v6_address)
                dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "IPV6 address [%s]", ip_v6_address);
        }
    
        error_code = dnssd_service_get_port(dnssd_remote_service, &port);
        if (error_code == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE)
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Service port [%d]", port);
    
        if (service_name)
            free(service_name);
        if (service_type)
            free(service_type);
        if (ip_v4_address)
            free(ip_v4_address);
        if (ip_v6_address)
            free(ip_v6_address);
    }
    
    void
    __found_cb(dnssd_service_state_e state, dnssd_service_h dnssd_remote_service, void *user_data)
    {
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Browse Service Callback\n");
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Handler: %u\n", dnssd_remote_service);
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "State: ");
        switch (state) {
        case DNSSD_SERVICE_STATE_AVAILABLE:
            /* DNS-SD service found */
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Available\n");
            __dnssd_print_found(dnssd_remote_service);
            break;
        case DNSSD_SERVICE_STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
            /* DNS-SD service becomes unavailable */
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Un-Available\n");
            break;
        case DNSSD_SERVICE_STATE_NAME_LOOKUP_FAILED:
            /* Browsing failed */
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Browse Failure\n");
            break;
        case DNSSD_SERVICE_STATE_HOST_NAME_LOOKUP_FAILED:
            /* Resolving service name failed */
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Resolve Service Name Failure\n");
            break;
        case DNSSD_SERVICE_STATE_ADDRESS_LOOKUP_FAILED:
            /* Resolving service address failed */
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Resolve Service Address\n");
            break;
        default:
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Unknown Browse State\n");
            break;
        }
    }
    
  3. When the services no longer interest you, stop the search using the browser handle:

    dnssd_stop_browsing_service(browser_handle);
    

Another way to search for services is by first finding the service name and then using the service name to resolve its address.

  1. To start searching, use the dnssd_browse_service() function. The DNS-SD browser handle is stored in a dnssd_browser_h variable. For more information on the service types, see http://www.dns-sd.org/ServiceTypes.html:

    dnssd_browser_h browser_handle;
    char *service_type = "_ftp._tcp";
    char *interface = "wlan0";
    int error_code;
    error_code = dnssd_browse_service(service_type, interface, &browser_handle, __found_cb, NULL);
    if (error_code == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE)
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Start browsing");
    
  2. The callback defined in the dnssd_browse_service() function is called when the remote service becomes available or unavailable. But at this time, IP address of the found service is not known. To get the IP address, dnssd_resolve_service() function is used:

    void
    __found_cb(dnssd_service_h dnssd_remote_service, dnssd_service_state_e state, void *user_data)
    {
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Browse Service Callback\n");
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Handler: %u\n", dnssd_remote_service);
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "State: ");
        switch (browse_state) {
        case DNSSD_SERVICE_STATE_AVAILABLE:
            /* DNS-SD service found */
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Available\n");
            dnssd_resolve_service(dnssd_remote_service, __resolved_cb, NULL);
            break;
        case DNSSD_SERVICE_STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
            /* DNS-SD service becomes unavailable */
            dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Un-Available\n");
            break;
        }
    }
    
  3. The callback defined in the dnssd_resolve_service() function is called when the IP address of the service is successfully resolved:

    void
     __resolved_cb(dnssd_error_e result, dnssd_service_h dnssd_remote_service, void *user_data)
    {
        if (result == DNSSD_ERROR_NONE) {
            __dnssd_print_found(dnssd_remote_service);
        }
    }
    
  4. When the services no longer interest you, stop resolving and browsing using the browser handle:

    dnssd_cancel_resolve_service(browser_handle);
    dnssd_cancel_browse_service(browser_handle);
    

Managing a Local Service with SSDP

To announce a local service, create a local service handle using the ssdp_create_local_service() function, and set the service information using the handle. Afterwards, you can register the local service using the ssdp_register_local_service() function.

To manage a local service, you must create and register the service:

  1. Create the local service:

    1. To provide a local service on a network, you must create a handle containing information about the service.

      At the beginning, define an ssdp_service_h variable to store the service handle. The target is used to create the handle, which represents a device or service type specified in the UPnP forum.

      ssdp_service_h service_handle;
      char *target = "upnp:rootdevice";
      int error_code;
      
      error_code = ssdp_create_local_service(target, &service_handle);
      if (error_code == SSDP_ERROR_NONE)
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Success in creating a service handle.");
      
    2. Set a USN (Unique Service Name) and a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) for the created service.

      The USN format is also specified in the UPnP forum. For the URL, see the RFC 3986.

      char* usn = "uuid:1234abcd-12ab-12ab-12ab-1234567abc12::upnp:rootdevice";
      char* url = "192.168.0.2:1234";
      
      if (ssdp_service_set_usn(service_handle, usn) == SSDP_ERROR_NONE)
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Success in setting USN");
      if (ssdp_service_set_url(service_handle, url) == SSDP_ERROR_NONE)
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Success in setting URL");
      
  2. Register the local service:

    1. Register the service to announce its availability on a network.

      The target can be a device or service type specified in the UPnP forum.

      error_code = ssdp_register_local_service(service_handle, __registered_cb, NULL);
      if (error_code == SSDP_ERROR_NONE)
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Success in registering a local service.");
      
    2. The callback defined in the ssdp_register_local_service() function is called when the service registration is finished:

      void
      __registered_cb(ssdp_error_e result, ssdp_service_h ssdp_service, void *user_data)
      {
          dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Register result: %d\n", result);
      }
      
  3. When you no longer want to provide the local service, deregister it with the ssdp_deregister_local_service() function.

    To destroy the local service handle, use the ssdp_destroy_local_service() function.

    ssdp_deregister_local_service(service_handle);
    ssdp_destroy_local_service(service_handle);
    

Browsing Remote Services with SSDP

To search for available services on a network, use a service type or target information:

  1. To start searching, use the ssdp_start_browsing_service() function.

    The SSDP browser handle is stored in an ssdp_browser_h variable.

    ssdp_browser_h browser_handle;
    char *target = "upnp:rootdevice";
    int error_code;
    
    error_code = ssdp_start_browsing_service(target, &browser_handle, __found_cb, NULL);
    if (error_code == SSDP_ERROR_NONE)
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "Start browsing");
    
  2. The callback defined in the ssdp_start_browsing_service() function is called when the remote service becomes available or unavailable:

    void
    __found_cb(ssdp_service_h ssdp_remote_service, ssdp_service_state_e state, void *user_data)
    {
        char *usn;
        char *url;
        ssdp_service_get_usn(ssdp_remote_service, &usn);
        ssdp_service_get_url(ssdp_remote_service, &url);
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "state: %s\n", state==SSDP_SERVICE_STATE_AVAILABLE ? "AVAILABLE" : "UNAVAILABLE");
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "usn: %s\n", usn);
        dlog_print(DLOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, "url: %s\n", url);
    }
    
  3. When the services no longer interest you, stop the search using the browser handle:

    ssdp_stop_browsing_service(browser_handle);
    
  • Dependencies
    • Tizen 3.0 and Higher for Mobile
    • Tizen 3.0 and Higher for Wearable